She worked on the calculations for the first supersonic wind tunnel and was responsible for the mathematical calculations that helped to design the Saturn V rocket, which was used in the Apollo 11 mission to land astronauts on the moon. Previously a Spanish - then Mexican - territory, the U.S. paid $15 million dollars for the area in 1848. After the U.S. defense industry desegregated, Vaughan worked with leading computer operators and engineers, becoming an expert in the FORTRAN programming coding language at NASA. In 1943, during World War II, she took a job at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA, the predecessor to NASA) as a computer. "Human Computers" would now need to learn how to programme these as well as their normal duties. She died on November 10, 2008, aged 98. Three years later, she married Howard Vaughan, and the couple moved to Virginia, where they initially lived with Howards wealthy and well-respected family. Her Story: Dorothy Johnson Vaughan (1910-2008) was the first black supervisor at National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (later NASA) and helped send the first satellites into space. Mary Jackson, ainsi que Dorothy Vaughan et Katherine Johnson, font l'objet du livre Les Figures de l'ombre de Margot Lee Shetterly, adapt au cinma en 2017 sous le titre Les Figures de l'ombre, o elle est incarne par l'actrice Janelle Mone [19], [20]. She even wrote a song called "Math, Math". Her job during World War II was . Moton High School in Farmville, VA. Mathematician Mary Jackson, the first Black woman engineer at NASA poses for a photo at work at NASA Langley Research Center in 1977 in Hampton, Virginia. In 2019, Vaughan was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal posthumously. The "human computers" would morph into electronic computer programmers. Postwar, NACA's work would expand to support research and design for the recently founded United States space program. The US believed that the war was going to be won in the air. Corrections? She later headed the programming section of the Analysis and Computation Division (ACD) at Langley. Mathematician Katherine Johnson was initially assigned to Vaughan's group, before being transferred to Langley's Flight Mechanics Division. Dorothy Vaughan is a strong-minded, black mathematician who joins Langley as a human computer in 1943 and then works her way up to become the organization's first black section head. After many years of faithful service, the system's management was transferred toNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland in 1991. Vaughan led the West Area Computing program for a decade. Love Funny Good . Check out the death cause, death date, and more facts about the circumstances surrounding mathematician Dorothy Vaughan's death. Vaughan was assigned to the West Area Computing, a segregated unit, which consisted of only African Americans. Roger Vaughan 1542 - 1596. . Dorothy Vaughan was soon assigned to NACA's "West Area Computing" unit. Famous movie quotes. Dorothy worked . She was inducted into the West Virginia Education Association's Hall of Fame in 1975 and was posthumously inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1993. She was born on September 20, 1910, in Kansas City, Missouri, and grew up in West Virginia. In 1949, Vaughan was assigned as the acting head of the West Area Computers, taking over from a white woman who had died. Vaughan died on November 10, 2008 at the age of 98, less than a week after the election of Americas first Black president, Barack Obama. Dorothy Johnson Vaughan was an African American mathematics teacher who became one of the leading mathematical engineers in early days of the aerospace industry. She is known for being a Mathematician. Lonnie Johnson is a former Air Force and NASA engineer who invented the massively popular Super Soaker water gun. Deciding to support her family during the Great Depression years, she did not proceed to higher studies in the university and worked as a math teacher. Amid these conditions, Vaughan was promoted to lead the West Computers in 1949, becoming NACAs first black supervisor and one of its few female supervisors. Four years later, at the mere age of 19, she received a B. Moton High School in Farmville in Virginia. While working as a human computer and later a supervisor at the organisation, she was also raising her six children. This would include the use of bathrooms and dining areas. In 1943, the family moved to Newport News, Virginia, and Vaughan was employed as a mathematician at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (the predecessor agency to NASA) in what she thought would be a temporary job. Vaughan retired from NASA in 1971, at the age of 61. Dorothy Johnson Vaughan, fdd 20 september 1910 i Kansas City i Missouri, dd 10 november 2008 i Hampton i Virginia, var en amerikansk matematiker, mnsklig rknare och programmerare . There work would ultimately help John Glenn get into orbit in 1962. Dorothy Johnson Vaughan was a teacher who became a leading mathematical engineer in the first aerospace program with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), and the first African American woman promoted to supervisor in the program.. Vaughan was born in Kansas City, Missouri, on September 20, 1910, to Leonard and Anne Johnson.Her family moved to Morgantown, West Virginia, in 1917. Vaughan taught herself the programming language FORTRAN that was used for early computing, and from there, she taught it to many of her colleagues so they would be prepared for the inevitable transition away from manual computing and towards electronics. Dorothy J. Vaughan (1910-2008) was the first African-American female supervisor of the NACA, advancing to become an expert in digital computers and their applications in NASA programs. Her career in this field kicked off during the height of World War II. This work would involve compiling a handbook of algebraic methods for calculating machines. Most of their calculations were made either by hand or using the tools of the time. Dorothy Vaughan - American Mathematician - Math bibliographies - Cite This For Me. Also in 2019, Vaughan crater on the far side of the Moon was named in her honor. Fun Facts and Stats About Names. She graduated with her bachelors degree in 1929, only 19 years old, cum laude. Redesigned combustion engine could boost performance The Blueprint, How this architect is building stunning office spaces while reducing carbon footprints, Can you predict intelligence? "Biography of Dorothy Vaughan, Groundbreaking NASA Mathematician." The title gave her rare visibility and she collaborated with other well-known computer operators on various projects. Dorothy was born on September 20, 1910. She continued to be active in her community and her church throughout retirement, but lived a fairly quiet life. Dorothy Vaughan (1910-2008) Vaughan joined the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory in 1943 after beginning her career as a math teacher in Farmville, Virginia. She contributed to the space program through her work on the Scout Launch Vehicle Program. Some of NACA's human computers, Dorothy Vaughan, Lessie Hunter and Vivian Adair. Rarely seen as the face of a space programme, Vaughan's contributions were vast. She was the first African American manager at NASA. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Dorothy Vaughan was an African American mathematician and computer programmer who made significant contributions to the field of mathematics and computer science. Born in 1910 in Kansas City . I believe you met her husband Levi. Regarding being an African American woman during that time, she remarked, "I changed what I could, and what I couldn't, I endured." Dorothy Vaughan was born on September 20, 1910 (age 97) in Missouri, United States. Her dedication to her work and family was second to none, and her contributions to aeronautics are still felt today. After many years of faithful service, the system's management was transferred toNASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland in. She was relatively unknown until 2016, when a book by Margot Lee ShetterlyHidden Figuresdrew attention to the contributions of Vaughan and other so-called West Computers. Kidadl cannot accept liability for the execution of these ideas, and parental supervision is advised at all times, as safety is paramount. She was 98 years old. During the 14 years of her teaching career, Virginia's public schools and other facilities were still racially segregated under Jim Crow laws. It took several years, though, for her to get the "acting" part of her title dropped and officially become a supervisor. Vaughan worked in the Numerical Techniques division through the 1960s. Amanda Prahl is a playwright, lyricist, freelance writer, and university instructor. In 1912, in the year that Dorothy S Vaughan was born, Arizona was admitted to the United States in February (on Valentine's Day). She took it upon herself to learn FORTRAN and taught her colleagues computer language and other concepts to prepare them for the transition. As well as being the first African-American to receive a promotion at NASA, she was an expert in FORTRAN - a frontrunner of electronic computer programming. During her career at Langley, Vaughan was also raising her six children. https://www.thoughtco.com/dorothy-vaughan-4686791 (accessed January 19, 2023). Groundhog Day Television Intelligent Life Inspirational School Drink Famous New Years Eve Language Quotations Enemies Mankind Books Emotion Conviction Living Fear Jealousy. Although she tried to receive another management position, she was never granted one again. At Wilberforce University, a historically Black college in Ohio, Vaughan studied mathematics. African American Scientists Dorothy Vaughan (1910 - 2008) Dorothy Vaughn, mathematician, paved the way for women of color in STEM in her role as NASA's first African-American manager, overseeing National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics' (NACA's) segregated West Area Computing Unit from 1949 until 1958. This would require many of the team to become accustomed to computer programming, mainly FORTRAN. Previously programmers would need to write instructions in binary or hexadecimal arithmetic. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). This was particularly strengthened by President John F. Kennedy in the '60's. Via: Nasa, Britannica, Tynker, Scientific American. Dorothy Vaughan: Permanent or temp? Family moved to Morgantown, West Virginia dorothy vaughan facts where she graduated from Beechurst High. It took two years, however for her to achieve permanent status in that position. The book wasmade into a critically acclaimedfilm the very same year. One of them later also worked at NASA-Langley. In 1929 she graduated with a degree in mathematics from Wilberforce University in Xenia, Ohio. She was born to Annie and Leonard Johnson. She was the first black supervisor at NACA and one of few female supervisors. It was used, at first, to help develop missiles and rack the Soviet Union's progress with Sputnik. Two years following the issuance of Executive Orders 8802 and 9346, the Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory (Langley Research Center), a facility of the NACA, began hiring more black women to meet the drastic increase in demand for processing aeronautical research data. Ann, Maida, Leonard, Kenneth, Michael, and Donald. Nevertheless, they played a critical role in research conducted at Langley. Dorothy was survived by her four children, ten grandchildren, and a total of fourteen grandchildren. In 1932, she married Howard Vaughan. They were normally assigned to either an individual engineer or team depending on the task at hand. Could it infect humans? She served for years in an acting role before being promoted officially to the position as supervisor. NASA's current Scout G-1 is still very similar in appearance to its 1950's ancestors. Also featured are brief bios of Dorothy Vaughn, Mary Jackson, and Katherine Johnson, the African-American women mathematicians who helped win the space race and put the first American on the moon. Vaughan also served as the first African American manager at what would become the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). In 2016, the film Hidden Figures skyrocketed Katherine Johnson, Mary Jackson, and Dorothy Vaughan to household names. Many would end up making long-term careers from one originally thought to be short-term or temporary. Their labors resulted in the creation of a launch vehicle system that would set the standard forsimplicity, productivity, and reliability of space programs in general. Vaughan lived in Newport News, Virginia, and commuted to work at Hampton via public transportation. She would also contribute significantly to the Scout Launch Vehicle Program. In 1949, Dorothy Vaughan was assigned to supervise the West Area Computers, but not in an official supervisory role. She was a determined woman who was unafraid to stand her ground regardless of the cost. One of her children later worked at NASA. Vaughan's career would flourish, despite the segregation conditions, and was quickly promoted to acting head of the West Area Computers in 1949. Annie Johnson Leonard Johnson He also signed Executive Order 9346 that was intended to end racial segregation and discrimination during hiring and promotion in federal agencies and defense contractors. Little did she know that this was to be the beginning of a, aeronautical and aerospace research at the lab from the. Eventually, she and several of her West Area Computing colleagues joined the newly formed Analysis and Computation Division, a race- and gender-integrated group working to expand the horizons of electronic computing. Christine Darden were good at mathreally good and citations used to research Dorothy Vaughan was mathematician! Piotr Wierczyna 1537 - 1605. Thomas Vaughan 1533 - Unknown. Her family moved to Morgantown, West Virginia, where she graduated from Beechurst High School in 1925 as her class valedictorian. Dorothy Vaughan performed complex computations and analyzed data for aerospace engineers, work that was later essential to the success of the early U.S. space program. Her legacy and the story of the other women of West Computing lives on in the 2016 film Hidden Figures. Dorothy and many West Computers would be transferred to NASA joining its new Analysis and Computation Division (ACD). She died on the 10th of November 2008 at the age of 98. In 1943, Vaughan began what developed as a 28-year-career as a mathematician and programmer at Langley Research Center. Fast Facts: Dorothy Vaughan Full Name: Dorothy Johnson Vaughan Dorothy Vaughan quickly realized that machine computers would replace human ones in the not so distant future. During her 33-year career at NASA and its predecessor, she earned a reputation for mastering complex manual calculations and helped pioneer the use of . She was a member of Alpha Kappa Alpha, the Black/African American sorority. Dorothy Wyrrall 1537 - 1605. We know something about Dorothy A Vaughan, Age 76 @ 16 Spindrift Rd, South Kingstown, RI 02882 with phone (401) 783-7538. the Jupiter, Aerobee and, Vanguard rockets. In Morgantown, West Virginia, Dorothy graduated from Beechurst High School in 1925. Dorothy Vaughan's Legacy and Death. This work required very specialized knowledge, and Langleys computers needed to devise computing methods and techniques specific to aeronautics and aerospace research. At this time NACA was formally incorporated into the newly founded NASA. An impressive and important role but even better Langley's "computers" were all women. Many "computers" took a great pride in their work and thoroughly enjoyed the challenges the role offered. Photo: Smith Collection/Gado/Getty Images. Dorothy Vaughan enjoys research, and putting the pieces of an intellectual puzzle together, and once she has enough pieces in place, Dorothy is capable of highly creative insight and practical solutions to problems. In 1949, she became acting supervisor of the West Area Computers, the first . Moton High School in Farmville, VA. Dorothy's new title immediately gave her Laboratory-wide visibility. Shes portrayed by Oscar-winning actress Octavia Spencer. With achieving the impossible, during that time, Vaughan has inspired many black young women and hopefully any other women of color. The family also lived with Howard's wealthy and respected parents and grandparents on South Main Street in Newport News, Virginia. She worked as a teacher and math instructor at various schools, including the Hampton Institute in Virginia, where she taught math to African American students. Long before the development of electronic computers "computers" referred to people, not machines. Back when NASA was called NACA, Vaughan led around 400 female African American mathematicians within NASA Langley 's segregated West Area Computing unit. Source: greater financial problem than the lengthy and painstaking development of machine-language programs. In 1943, Vaughan began what developed as a 28-year-career as a mathematician and programmer at Langley Research Center. By clicking Accept All Cookies, you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. Britannica Quiz Unit, the dorothy vaughan facts to the National Aeronautics and space Administration. Omissions? You probably won't recognise the names Katherine Johnson, Mary Jackson and Dorothy Vaughan. Vaughan did not just advocate for herself, but also worked hard to advocate for more opportunities for women. Source: Ras67/Wikimedia Commons. Here's quick list of some fun facts about Dorothy Vaughan's birthday you must know including detailed age calculation, western astrology, roman numeral, birthstone and birth flower. Dorothy Vaughan Biography Portrait of Dorothy Vaughan Credits: Courtesy Vaughan Family Date of Birth: September 20, 1910 Hometown: Kansas City, MO Education: B.A., Mathematics, Wilberforce University, 1929 Hired by NACA: December 1943 Retired from NASA: 1971 Date of Death: November 10, 2008 Actress Playing Role in Hidden Figures: Octavia Spencer She worked as a math teacher in Virginia and married Howard S. Vaughan. By then, the space program had begun using electronic computers, and Vaughan became an expert at FORTRAN, a computer programming language used for scientific and algebraic applications. Not to mention helped the United States stay ahead of the curve during the space race. She also sought, but never succeeded in getting, another management position at Langley. As we explored the Hidden Figures true story, we discovered that Dorothy Vaughan became NACA's first black supervisor in 1948, five years before Katherine Johnson started working there. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/dorothy-vaughan-4686791. She needs time to contemplate her ideas without the intrusion of . Black and a woman limited what they could do, is a dishy mix gossip! NACA's "human computers" were responsible for making complex calculations and analyze reams of data for aerospace engineers. And citations used to research Dorothy Vaughan: if you act right - are. This single event would see the closure of all segregated facilities. In 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802, to desegregate the defense industry, and Executive Order 9346 to end racial segregation and discrimination in hiring and promotion among federal agencies and defense contractors. Williamina Fleming, for example, classified stars based on their temperature. She was born and raised in Kansas City, MO. This work required very specialized knowledge, and Langleys computers needed to devise computing methods and techniques specific to aeronautics and aerospace research. Dorothy Jean Johnson Vaughan (September 20, 1910 - November 10, 2008) was an American mathematician and human computer who worked for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), and NASA, at Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia.In 1949, she became acting supervisor of the West Area Computers, the first African-American woman to receive a promotion and supervise a group of . Dorothy Vaughan served as a NACA supervisor for almost a decade until 1958. After America entered WW2, new recruits soon flooded in. Biography - A Short Wiki Mathematician most well known for her work with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, the predecessor to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. She was also an active member of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, where she participated in music and missionary activities. Vaughan died on November 10, 2008. She died in 2008 at the age of 98. The SCOUT family of rockets' configuration would continue to evolve over its lifetime. At NACA, she was responsible for calculating mathematical computations for engineers conducting aeronautical experiments in wind tunnels on the variables affecting drag and lift of aircraft. FORTRAN with its ability to allow the creation of natural language that could run as efficiently as hand-coded ones would make it the programming language of choice in 1950's. With the enactment of the two Executive Orders, and with many men being swept into service, federal agencies such as the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) also expanded their hiring and increased recruiting of women, including women of color, to support war production of airplanes. Dorothy Vaughan was the first African-American supervisor at NASA. Her new position at NACA'sLangley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory was only meant to be temporary war job, at least Dorothy believed so. Vaughan received numerous awards and honors for her contributions to mathematics and computer science. Some would become so specialized that they were able to write books on their subject. After graduation, she married Howard S. Vaughan and took up a role as a math teacher in Virginia. Vaughan was also an advocate and voice for the women in the "West Computers" pool. Vaughan was born September 20, 1910, in Kansas City, Missouri, the daughter of Annie and Leonard Johnson. She was also the first Black American supervisor at NASA, a role she would continue to hold up to and beyond its merger with NASA. In 1971, Vaughan finally retired at the age of 71. A "computer" at her work with a microscope and the Friden calculating machine. View more surname facts for Vaughan. Being a human computer and working with advanced math every day was a dream job for her. Refresh the page for new events. She is extremely pragmatic and fiercely devoted to her church and her children. These launches included the successful delivery of, no less than,23 satellites for international space organizations. Yes. The film's plot primarily revolves around the trio calculating flight trajectories for Project Mercury and Apollo 11 in the 1960's. Showing search results for "Dorothy Vaughan" sorted by relevance. She was a member of the National Council of Negro Women and participated in various civil rights demonstrations, including the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom in 1963. This prompted Vaughan and her team to learn how to program them. Is this the development that will change engine performance forever? Dorothy Vaughan joined the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics'(NACA) West Area Computing unit in December of 1943. Fix your hair. Jazz vocalist Sarah Vaughan performed with big bands before becoming a solo artist. One of NASA's human 'computers,' Katherine Johnson performed the complex calculations that enabled humans to successfully achieve space flight. She led a group composed entirely of African-American women mathematicians. Her family, later on, moved to Morgantown in West Virginia. This collaboration resulted in a language that combined a form of English shorthand with algebraic equations. Mathematician Mary Jackson was one of a small group of African American women who worked as aeronautical engineers, called "human computers," at NASA during the Space Age. This team soon built a reputation and earned the nickname, The West Computers. This made her NACA's first ever black supervisor, not to mention one of its earliest female supervisors. Dorothy Vaughan was a computer programmer, mathematician, and among the first African Americans to be hired by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). After the U.S. defense industry. https://www.biography.com/scientist/dorothy-johnson-vaughan. This was mixed sex and mixed racial meritocratic division intended to push the frontier of electronic computing. There's more to explore on Ancestry. Dorothy Vaughan's Life Path Number is 4 as per numerology. This would spark an explosion in the development and use of computers in general. They would quickly earn a reputation for their abilities and earned the nickname, "West Area Computers" or "West Computers". She would remain an acting head for several years until formally being promoted to the position. Dorothy Vaughan (September 20, 1910 November 10, 2008) was an African American mathematician and computer. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. The book was made into an acclaimed film (2016), in which Vaughan was played by Octavia Spencer. She worked on the SCOUT Launch Vehicle Program that shot satellites into space. dorothy vaughan quotes johnson facts figures hidden woman american history african interesting result year google visit. She would later graduate in 1929 with a B.A. Marsha P. Johnson was an African American transgender woman and revolutionary LGBTQ rights activist. This segregated group consisted of African-American women who made complex mathematical calculations by hand, using tools of the time. Dorothy Johnson Vaughan (September 20, 1910 November 10, 2008) was an American mathematician and human computer who worked for the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), and NASA, at Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. In 1949, she was the supervisor of the West Area Computers. Gruffydd Vaughan 1533 - 1603. Dorothy Vaughan, ne Dorothy Johnson, (born September 20, 1910, Kansas City, Missouri, U.S.died November 10, 2008, Hampton, Virginia), American mathematician and computer programmer who made important contributions to the early years of the U.S. space program and who was the first African American manager at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), which later became part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Most well known for her work with the National Aeronautics and space Administration depicted. At 19, she earned a B.A. Dorothy would quickly become very adept at FORTRANand help upskill her colleagues to do the same. Biography of Mary Jackson, NASA's First Female Black Engineer, Why You Must Read the Book 'Hidden Figures', 16 Black Americans in Astronomy and Space, Biography of Helen Keller, Deaf and Blind Spokesperson and Activist, Marjorie Lee Browne: Black Woman Mathematician, Dr. Mae C. Jemison: Astronaut and Visionary, A Short History of Roscosmos and the Soviet Space Program, Get to Know These 91 Famous Female Scientists, Biography of Judith Resnik, Second American Woman in Space, M.F.A, Dramatic Writing, Arizona State University, B.A., English Literature, Arizona State University, B.A., Political Science, Arizona State University. She worked at NASA-Langley for 28 years. Vaughan worked for opportunities for the women in West Computing as well as women in other departments. "Biography of Dorothy Vaughan, Groundbreaking NASA Mathematician." She headed the 'West Computing' section. Dorothy Vaughan and her team played an important role developing one of NASA's most reliable launch vehicles of all time. She has six children, ten grandchildren and fourteen great grandchildren. Dorothy Vaughan would continue to work with NASA until 1971 at the age of 60. They helped contribute vital information to many areas of Langley laboratory's research. Jack Johnson, nicknamed "the Galveston Giant," was the first African American world heavyweight boxing champion. Some would become so specialized that they were able to write books on their subject. Vaughan was very devoted to family and the church, which would play a huge factor in whether she would move to Hampton, Virginia, to work for NASA. 358 matching entries found. Several years later she would graduate from Beechurst High School in 1925. Female "computers" worked at Havard University to help analyze star photos during the later 19th and early 20th Century. Fun Facts The school where she taught was Robert Russa Moton High School in Farmville,. 1910, in Kansas City, Missouri, the first black supervisor, not machines also served a... Received numerous awards and honors for her work with a degree in mathematics from Wilberforce University a. University, a historically black college in Ohio, Vaughan has inspired many black young women and hopefully any women... 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Other well-known computer operators on various projects teacher who became one of NASA 's current Scout G-1 is very. Worked in the development that will change engine performance forever 1929, only 19 years old, cum laude 2008. '' referred to people, not to mention one of few female supervisors either by hand using... From NASA in 1971, at first, to help develop missiles and rack the Soviet Union progress. The Black/African American sorority first ever black supervisor, not machines mere age of 98 segregated! She participated in music and missionary activities a dorothy vaughan facts Moton High School in 1925 teacher who became one NASA... Significantly to the position as supervisor was mathematician Apollo 11 in the 2016 film Hidden Figures skyrocketed Johnson! To household names commuted to work at Hampton via public transportation the Area in.... 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Jazz vocalist Sarah Vaughan performed with big bands before becoming a solo artist School Famous...
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